Figure 5.

High-mobility group chromosomal box protein 1 (HMGB1) mRNA is predominantly upregulated in areas of tissue destruction. Micrographs illustrating intra-articular HMGB1 mRNA expression in advanced arthritis assessed by in situ hybridization. (a) A pronounced upregulation of HMGB1 mRNA is evident in synovial tissue close to cartilage and bone undergoing destruction, detailed in (b).