|
Association between risk factors and having stiff or painful joints among mid-age women (n = 4,780) |
||||
| Stiff or painful joints 'sometimes or often' |
Stiff or painful joints 'often' |
|||
|
|
||||
| Variable at Time 1 |
Unadjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) |
Adjusteda odds ratio (95% confidence interval) |
Unadjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) |
Adjusteda odds ratio (95% confidence interval) |
|
|
||||
| Education |
||||
| Less than high school |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Some high school |
0.77 (0.65–0.92) |
0.83 (0.69–0.99) |
0.55 (0.43–0.71) |
0.58 (0.45–0.75) |
| Completed high school |
0.73 (0.60–0.90) |
0.80 (0.65–0.99) |
0.50 (0.37–0.68) |
0.55 (0.40–0.76) |
| Trade certificate/university degree |
0.64 (0.52–0.78) |
0.70 (0.56–0.87) |
0.49 (0.35–0.67) |
0.55 (0.39–0.77) |
| Missing |
0.97 (0.51–1.82) |
0.92 (0.48–1.75) |
1.51 (0.70–3.26) |
1.30 (0.58–2.93) |
| Area of residence |
||||
| Urban |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
| Large town |
0.87 (0.73–1.05) |
0.87 (0.72–1.05) |
0.8 (0.58–1.11) |
0.77 (0.55–1.07) |
| Small town/remote area |
1.11 (0.98–1.26) |
1.09 (0.96–1.24) |
1.14 (0.93–1.39) |
1.08 (0.88–1.34) |
| Missing |
0.83 (0.49–1.40) |
0.83 (0.49–1.42) |
0.3 (0.75–1.28) |
0.32 (0.76–1.33) |
| Country of birth |
||||
| Australia |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Other English-speaking |
1.07 (0.91–1.27) |
1.12 (0.95–1.33) |
0.70 (0.51–0.95) |
0.70 (0.51–0.97) |
| Non-English speaking |
0.97 (0.78–1.21) |
1.02 (0.82–1.28) |
0.96 (0.67–1.36) |
0.99 (0.69–1.43) |
| Missing |
1.35 (0.99–1.84) |
1.36 (0.99–1.88) |
1.64 (1.06–2.53) |
1.61 (1.02–2.53) |
| Depression |
||||
| No |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Yes |
1.56 (1.29–1.94) |
1.44 (1.17–1.78) |
2.10 (1.60–2.77) |
1.76 (1.32–2.35) |
| Number of chronic diseases |
||||
| 0 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| 1 |
1.41 (1.24–1.61) |
1.35 (1.18–1.54) |
1.78 (1.43–2.20) |
1.62 (1.30–2.02) |
| 2 |
1.54 (1.26–1.89) |
1.37 (1.11–1.67) |
2.67 (2.01–3.54) |
2.17 (1.61–2.91) |
| 3 |
1.93 (1.35–2.75) |
1.67 (1.17–2.40) |
2.53 (1.55–4.14) |
1.96 (1.18–3.25) |
| 4 or more |
1.47 (0.77–2.82) |
1.10 (0.56–2.14) |
3.04 (1.32–7.01) |
1.89 (0.79–4.49) |
| Smoking status |
||||
| Never |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Former |
1.00 (0.88–1.14) |
0.99 (0.87–1.12) |
1.23 (1.00–1.54) |
1.21 (0.97–1.50) |
| Current |
1.14 (0.95–1.36) |
1.08 (0.90–1.30) |
1.44 (1.09–1.91) |
1.35 (1.01–1.81) |
| Missing |
2.23 (0.63–7.91) |
2.11 (0.59–7.60) |
2.56 (0.54–12.10) |
2.70 (0.55–13.2) |
| Body mass index |
||||
| <20 kg/m2 |
1.03 (0.79–1.36) |
1.03 (0.78–1.36) |
1.22 (0.76–1.95) |
1.25 (0.78–2.01) |
| ≥ 20 and <25 kg/m2 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| ≥ 25 and <30 kg/m2 |
1.10 (0.96–1.27) |
1.06 (0.92–1.23) |
1.46 (1.15–1.86) |
1.36 (1.06–1.74) |
| ≥ 30 kg/m2 |
1.63 (1.38–1.92) |
1.46 (1.23–1.73) |
2.22 (1.73–2.86) |
1.83 (1.41–2.38) |
| Missing |
1.32 (1.05–1.66) |
1.29 (1.02–1.62) |
1.43 (0.98–2.08) |
1.35 (0.92–2.00) |
| Physical activity |
||||
| None (<40 MET.min/week) |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Very low (40 to <300 MET.min/week) |
0.86 (0.71–1.05) |
0.93 (0.76–1.14) |
0.92 (0.67–1.26) |
1.08 (0.78–1.49) |
| Low (300 to <600 MET.min/week) |
0.77 (0.63–0.94) |
0.88 (0.71–1.08) |
0.87 (0.63–1.19) |
1.15 (0.82–1.60) |
| Moderate (600 to <1,200 MET.min/week) |
0.82 (0.68–0.99) |
0.94 (0.77–1.14) |
0.71 (0.52–0.97) |
0.91 (0.66–1.27) |
| High (1,200+ MET.min/week) |
0.75 (0.62–0.90) |
0.88 (0.72–1.06) |
0.78 (0.58–1.05) |
1.06 (0.78–1.45) |
|
aAdjusted for all other variables in the table. | ||||
Heesch et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2007 9:R34 doi:10.1186/ar2154 |
||||