Table 2 |
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Scheme for clinical and ethical management of rhesus monkeys with collagen-induced arthritis |
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| Disease score |
Characteristics |
Monitoring |
Maximal durationa |
|
|
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| 0 |
No disease symptoms |
Daily |
Length of experiment |
| 0.5 |
Fever (>0.5°C) |
2 × per week |
12 weeks |
| 1 |
Apathy; lessened mobility; loss of appetite |
Daily |
10 weeks |
| 2 |
Weight loss; warm extremitiesb; treatable pain without STS |
2 × per weekc, or daily |
6 weeks |
| 3 |
Redness of joints (with STS)b; normal flexibility of extremities |
2 × per week |
4 weeks |
| 4 |
Severe STS of joints (plus redness); joint stiffnessb |
2 × per week |
2 weeks |
| 5 |
Untreatable pain; immobility of jointsb; weight loss >25% |
2 × per weekc, or daily |
18 hours |
|
|
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aThe duration of discomfort is calculated cumulatively. bCan be assessed only in the sedated monkey and therefore cannot be done more than twice a week for ethical reasons. cFor characteristics requiring sedation. STS, soft-tissue swelling. |
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Vierboom et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2005 7:145 doi:10.1186/ar1773 |
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