Table 4

Number of patients and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction by sex, race, diabetes and medications used

Number

VCAM-1 (pg/ml)

ICAM-1 (pg/ml)

ELAM-1 (pg/ml)

Sex

Female

64

750 (391–2073)

356 (135–993)

58 (12–144)

Male

10

698 (463–1814)

480 (235–805)

60 (38–149)

Race

Caucasian

68

750 (391–2073)

366 (135–993)

61 (12–149)

Asian

6

572 (463–971)

352 (235–699)

49 (35–82)

Diabetes

Yes

5

674 (554–1338)

376 (235–455)

55 (52–129)

No

69

749 (391–2073)

365 (135–993)

59 (12–149)

COX-2 inhibitor use

Yes

20

689 (475–2073)

371 (145–749)

79 (25–129)

No

54

750 (391–2001)

363 (135–993)

55 (12–149)

Traditional NSAID use

Yes

19

766 (493–2001)

366 (135–993)

68 (16–149)

No

55

703 (391–2073)

365 (145–761)

55 (12–129)

Aspirin use

Yes

6

719 (463–2073)

346 (219–595)

40 (23–94)

No

68

747 (391–2001)

366 (135–993)

62 (12–149)

Oestrogen use

Yes

24

673 (445–2001)

311 (181–993)

53 (12–83)

No

50

786 (391–2073)

389 (135–805)

64 (20–149)

DMARD use

Yes

56

726 (391–2073)

368 (145–805)

56 (12–149)

No

18

816 (567–2001)

358 (135–993)

64 (34–115)

Prednisone use

Yes

11

930 (391–2073)

455 (181–761)

94 (23–129)

No

63

724 (445–2001)

361 (135–993)

55 (12–149)

Antihypertensive agent use

Yes

23

744 (569–2073)

414 (219–805)

66 (16–149)

No

51

758 (391–2001)

350 (135–993)

54 (12–137)

Results for biomarkers are expressed as median (range). Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. No comparisons were significant at P ≤ 0.01. COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; ELAM, endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; VCAM, vascular adhesion molecule.

Dessein et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2005 7:R634   doi:10.1186/ar1717