|
Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of upper gastrointestinal complications associated with use of steroids, aspirin, nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NA-NSAIDs), and acetaminophen |
||||
| Cases |
Controls |
|||
| (n= 2105) |
(n= 11,500) |
RR* |
95% CI |
|
|
|
||||
| Steroids† |
||||
| Non-use |
1724 |
9824 |
Reference |
|
| Current |
90 |
196 |
1.8 |
1.3–2.4 |
| Low–medium dose† |
75 |
174 |
1.5 |
1.1–2.1 |
| High dose |
9 |
13 |
2.9 |
1.2–7.3 |
| Aspirin |
||||
| Non-use |
1696 |
10,157 |
Reference |
|
| Current |
287 |
837 |
2.1 |
1.8–2.5 |
| 75 mg |
140 |
420 |
2.0 |
1.6–2.6 |
| 150 mg |
90 |
248 |
2.2 |
1.7–2.9 |
| ≥ 300 mg‡ |
57 |
169 |
2.2 |
1.6–3.1 |
| NA-NSAIDs |
||||
| Non-use |
1468 |
9746 |
Reference |
|
| Current |
438 |
758 |
4.1 |
3.6–4.8 |
| Low-medium dose§ |
92 |
290 |
2.4 |
1.9–3.2 |
| High dose§ |
311 |
449 |
4.7 |
3.9–5.6 |
| Acetaminophen |
||||
| Non-use |
1494 |
9532 |
Reference |
|
| Current |
376 |
1069 |
1.3 |
1.1–1.5 |
| < 2 g |
201 |
852 |
0.9 |
0.8–1.1 |
| 2 g |
84 |
127 |
1.9 |
1.4–2.6 |
| ≥ 2 g |
91 |
90 |
3.7 |
2.6–5.1 |
|
Data are for United Kingdom General Practice Research Database, 1993–1998. *Adjusted for age, sex, calendar year, ulcer history, smoking, and concomitant medication. These analyses include only current users versus non-users (no use in the past 180 days); data on recent past (between 30 and 180 days) users are not presented. †There were 15 subjects with missing values for oral steroid dose. The cut-off point was 30 mg prednisolone or equivalent. ‡There were only eight cases and nine controls who were taking doses greater than 300 mg. §These analyses include only users of a single NA-NSAID. | ||||
García Rodríguez and Hernández-Díaz Arthritis Res 2001 3:98 doi:10.1186/ar146 |
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