Table 1 |
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Approaches that directly target B cells and plasma cells |
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Target |
Agent |
Putative/intended mechanism of action |
Developmental status |
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CD19 |
MD1342 (fully human) |
B-cell depletion |
Phase I for RA, trial suspended |
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CD19 chimeric antigen receptors |
Phase I/II for B-cell malignancies |
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Blinatumomab |
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XmAb5574/MOR208 |
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MEDI-551 |
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CD20 |
Rituximab (chimeric) |
Approved for use in NHL, RA and ANCA vasculitides |
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Ocrelizumab (humanized) |
Phase III for RRMS and PPMS |
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Veltuzumab (humanized) |
Phase III for RA, phase I/II for AITP |
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Ofatumumab (fully human) |
Phase III for RA, phase I/II for RRMS |
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CD22 |
Epratuzumab (humanized) |
Blockade of CD22 - partial depletion of B cells, inhibition of activation, proliferation, survival of B cells |
Phase III for SLE |
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CD52 |
Anti-CD52 or Campath-1h, Alemtuzumab |
Depletion of T cells and B cells |
Phase III for MS, phase II for autoimmune cytopenias, phase I for inclusion body myositis, phase I/II for RA not continueda |
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AITP, Autoimmune thrombocytopenia; ANCA, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; MS, multiple sclerosis; NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; PPMS, primary progressive multiple sclerosis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RRMS, relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus. Data from http://www.clinicaltrials.gov webcite (accessed 5 January 2012). aSee [150-152]. |
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Mei et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2012 14(Suppl 5):S1 doi:10.1186/ar3909 |
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