Table 2

Hazard ratio (HR) of incident gout by baseline anemia in the ARIC study.

No anemia

Anemia

Model

HR (95% CI)

HR (95% CI)

Unadjusted

Reference

2.01 (1.46, 2.76)**

Sex and race adjusted

Reference

1.52 (1.10, 2.12)*

Sex, race and eGFR adjusted

Reference

1.54 (1.11, 2.14)*

Adjusted for confounders¹

Reference

1.64 (1.18, 2.28)*

Additionally adjusted for clinical factors²

Reference

1.73 (1.24, 2.41)*

Additionally adjusted for serum urate

Reference

1.83 (1.30, 2.57)**

¹ Confounders: Sex, race, categorical eGFR (CKD-EPI), body mass index (kg/m²) and alcohol intake. ² Clinical factors: Baseline hypertension, diuretic use, coronary heart disease, and congestive heart failure. * P-value <0.05. ** P-value <0.001. Note: Age was used as the time-scale. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <13.5 g/dL for men and <12 g/dL for women.

McAdams-DeMarco et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2012 14:R193   doi:10.1186/ar4026