Table 1 |
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Characteristics of 204 patients with ankylosing spondylitis in western Sweden |
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Patients, number (%) |
Median (range) |
Mean ± SD |
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Demographic variables |
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Sex |
Women |
87 (43) |
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Men |
117 (57) |
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Age, years |
NA |
49 (17 to 78) |
50 ± 13 |
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Postmenopausal women |
45/87 (52) |
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Heredity for fractures |
57 (28) |
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History of vertebral fracture |
3 (1) |
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History of non-vertebral fracture |
18 (9) |
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Current smokers |
24 (12) |
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Ever smoked > 6 months |
101 (50) |
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Daily calcium intake from dairy products |
NA |
600 (0 to 2,640) |
668 ± 397 |
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BMI, kg/m2 |
25 (19 to 46) |
26 ± 4 |
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LTPAI total, hours |
6 (0 to 42) |
7 ± 6 |
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PAHWI total, hours |
45 (0 to 160) |
40 ± 21 |
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FRAX major osteoporotic fracture (%) (patients ≥ 40 years) |
6.7 (1.2 to 68.0) |
9.9 ± 9.7 |
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FRAX hip fracture (%) (patients ≥ 40 years) |
0.8 (0 to 56.0) |
2.4 ± 6.0 |
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Disease-related variables |
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Years since onset of symptoms |
24 (2 to 55) |
24 ± 13 |
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Years since diagnosis |
12 (1 to 47) |
15 ± 11 |
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History of anterior uveitis |
102 (50) |
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History of peripheral arthritis |
120 (59) |
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History of coxitis |
17 (8) |
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BASMI, score |
3.0 (0.6 to 7.4) |
3.1 ± 1.6 |
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BASDAI, score |
3.5 (0.0 to 9.6) |
3.6 ± 2.1 |
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BASFI, score |
2.3 (0.0 to 8.7) |
2.7 ± 2.1 |
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BAS-G1, score (last week) |
2.9 (0.0 to 10.0) |
3.4 ± 2.6 |
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BAS-G2, score (last 6 months) |
3.4 (0.0 to 9.7) |
3.8 ± 2.6 |
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ASDAS, score |
2.3 (0.8 to 5.9) |
2.4 ± 0.9 |
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mSASSS, score |
5.5 (0.0 to 72.0) |
14.2 ± 19.2 |
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Mean ESR, mm/h (2004 to 2008) |
16 (2 to 102) |
19 ± 15 |
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ESR, mm/h (at inclusion 2009) |
11 (2 to 105) |
15 ± 14 |
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CRP, mg/L |
5 (3 to 80) |
9 ± 10 |
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Hemoglobin, g/L |
139 (105 to 166) |
139 ± 13 |
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WBC, × 109/L |
6.7 (2.7 to 18.1) |
7.0 ± 2.1 |
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PLT, × 109/L |
287 (133 to 506) |
299 ± 75 |
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Creatinine, μmol/L |
70 (43 to 148) |
71 ± 15 |
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HLA-B27 positive |
178 (87) |
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Patients on NSAID |
158 (77) |
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Patients on DMARD |
62 (30) |
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Patients on TNF inhibitor |
42 (21) |
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Patients on GC |
7 (3) |
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GC lifetime use, mg prednisone |
NA |
100 (0, 56390) |
1397 ± 5775 |
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Patients on bisphosphonates |
8 (4) |
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Patients on HRT |
5 (2) |
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Patients on calcium and vitamin D |
24 (12) |
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Bone mineral density |
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aBMD AP lumbar spine, g/cm2 |
1.02 (0.63 to 1.54) |
1.02 ± 0.17 |
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aBMD lateral lumbar spine, g/cm2 |
0.72 (0.32 to 1.13) |
0.73 ± 0.14 |
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vBMD lumbar spine, g/cm3 |
0.19 (0.09 to 0.27) |
0.19 ± 0.03 |
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BMD total hip, g/cm2 |
0.93 (0.54 to 1.42) |
0.94 ± 0.14 |
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BMD femoral neck, g/cm2 |
0.78 (0.48 to 1.20) |
0.78 ± 0.13 |
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BMD radius total, g/cm2 |
0.61 (0.40 to 0.78) |
0.61 ± 0.08 |
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BMI, body mass index; LTPAI, Leisure Time Physical Activity Instrument; PAHWI, Physical Activity at Home and Work Instrument; FRAX, World Health Organization Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (% 10 year probability of major osteoporotic, and vertebral fracture respectively, corresponding to patients aged 40 years or older); BASMI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index; BASDAI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index; BASFI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index; BAS-G1 and G2, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient Global Score; ASDAS, ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score; mSASSS, modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein; PLT, platelet count; WBC, white blood cell count; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; DMARD, disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug; TNF, tumour necrosis factor; GC, glucocorticoid; HRT, hormone replacement therapy; aBMD, areal bone mineral density; AP, anteroposterior; vBMD, volumetric BMD |
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Klingberg et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2012 14:R108 doi:10.1186/ar3833 |
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