Table 5 |
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|
Proportional hazards models for coronary events using various measures of systolic blood pressure |
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|
Time-constant models |
Time-dependent models |
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|
First available ("remote") SBP |
Average of first two SBP |
Most recent SBP |
Mean SBP |
Time-adjusted mean SBP |
AUC SBP |
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|
|
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|
HR (95% CI) |
P |
HR (95% CI) |
P |
HR (95% CI) |
P |
HR (95% CI) |
P |
HR (95% CI) |
P |
HR (95%)I) |
p |
|
|
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) |
1.00 (0.99, 1.02) |
0.45 |
1.31 (0.68, 2.53) |
0.42 |
1.01 (1.00, 1.02) |
0.052 |
1.025 (1.01, 1.04) |
0.004 |
1.024 (1.01, 1.04) |
0.004 |
1.00 (1.00, 1.00) |
0.19 |
|
Male sex |
2.01 (1.13, 3.59) |
0.02 |
2.04 (1.14, 3.65) |
0.02 |
1.87 (1.03, 3.39) |
0.04 |
1.75 (0.96, 3.21) |
0.07 |
1.74 (0.95, 3.18) |
0.07 |
1.83 (1.00, 3.33) |
0.049 |
|
Ageψ |
1.05 (1.03, 1.07) |
< 0.0001 |
1.05 (1.03, 1.07) |
< 0.0001 |
1.06 (1.03, 1.07) |
< 0.0001 |
1.04 (1.02, 1.07) |
< 0.0001 |
1.04 (1.02, 1.07) |
< 0.0001 |
1.06 (1.04, 1.08) |
< 0.0001 |
|
SLEDAI-2K¶ |
1.03 (1.01, 1.06) |
0.01 |
1.03 (1.01, 1.06) |
0.01 |
1.09 (1.05, 1.13) |
< 0.0001 |
1.09 (1.05, 1.13) |
< 0.0001 |
1.09 (1.05, 1.13) |
< 0.0001 |
1.09 (1.05, 1.13) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Elevated cholesterolζ |
1.41 (0.67, 2.98) |
0.37 |
1.39 (0.66, 2.95) |
0.39 |
1.72 (1.06, 2.78) |
0.03 |
1.68 (1.04, 2.71) |
0.03 |
1.69 (1.04, 2.73) |
0.03 |
1.82 (1.13, 2.92) |
0.01 |
|
Corticosteroidsβ |
2.73 (1.13, 6.61) |
0.03 |
2.74 (1.13, 6.62) |
0.03 |
1.74 (0.99, 3.08) |
0.06 |
1.72 (0.98, 3.03) |
0.06 |
1.72 (0.97, 3.03) |
0.06 |
1.77 (1.00, 3.12) |
0.049 |
|
Antimalarials§ |
0.59 (0.37, 0.93) |
0.02 |
0.59 (0.37, 0.95) |
0.03 |
0.95 (0.60, 1.52) |
0.84 |
0.97 (0.61, 1.56) |
0.91 |
0.97 (0.61, 1.55) |
0.89 |
0.93 (0.58, 1.48) |
0.75 |
|
Immunosuppressives¥ |
0.91 (0.58, 1.43) |
0.68 |
0.89 (0.56, 1.41) |
0.63 |
1.51 (0.93, 2.45) |
0.10 |
1.48 (0.91, 2.40) |
0.11 |
1.48 (0.91, 2.40) |
0.11 |
1.46 (0.90, 2.36) |
0.13 |
|
|
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|
95% CI: 95% confidence interval; AUC: area under the curve; BP: blood pressure (mmHg); DBP: diastolic blood pressure (mmHg); HR: hazard ratio; NS: not significant; p: p value; SBP: systolic blood pressure (mmHg); TC: total plasma cholesterol (mmol/L). ψYears; age at the time of first available TC (or SBP or DBP) in time-constant models and coincident with each TC (or SBP or DBP) measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. ¶SLE Disease Activity Index 2000; scores range from 0 to 105, with higher scores indicating more active disease; measured at the time of first available TC (or SBP or DBP) in time-constant models, and coincident with each TC (or SBP or DBP) measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. ¢Hypertension defined as Diastolic BP ≥ 90 or Systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg; defined as present ever during the study in time-constant models, and coincident with each TC measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. βCorticosteroids defined as used ever during the study in time-constant models, and coincident with each TC (or SBP or DBP) measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. ζElevated total plasma cholesterol (Hypercholesterolemia) defined as total plasma cholesterol > 5.2 mmol/L; measured at the time of first available SBP or DBP in time-constant models, and coincident with each SBP or DBP measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. §Antimalarials include chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine; defined as used ever during the study in time-constant models, and coincident with each TC (or SBP or DBP) measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. ¥Immunosuppressives include methotrexate, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine and cyclophosphamide; defined as used ever during the study in time-constant models, and coincident with each TC (or SBP or DBP) measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. |
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|
Nikpour et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2011 13:R156 doi:10.1186/ar3473 |
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