Figure 4.

Increased bone mineral density and decreased osteopenia in L-4F and L-4F plus pravastatin treated mice. (a) Total and vertebral BMD (L2-L6), measured using DEXA, was increased in 35 to 36 week-old female apoE^-/-Fas^-/- mice when treated with pravastatin, L-4F, or in combination when compared to vehicle controls (total: 0.041 ± 0.002 vs. 0.043 ± 0.002 and 0.044 ± 0.002 and 0.044 ± 0.002 g/cm³, respectively and vertebral: 0.036 ± 0.004 vs. 0.051 ± 0.005 and 0.051 ± 0.005 and 0.053 ± 0.003 g/cm³, respectively). (b) μCT images of L5 lumbar vertebrae from female mice at 35 to 36 weeks of age. Mice treated with L-4F showed significant improvement in trabecular bone content. (c) Three-dimensional morphometric evaluation of L5 vertebrae. Mice treated with L-4F had significantly increased bone volume density (BV/TV), connectivity density (Conn. D.), and trabecular number (Trab. N.) and significantly lower trabecular separation (Trab. Sep.) when compared to controls. *P ≤ 0.01; **P ≤ 1E-07.