Figure 1.

Estrogen actions on target articular tissues. ACL, anterior cruciate ligament; [Ca2+]i, intracellular calcium concentration; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; OB, osteoblast; OVX, ovariectomized; PG, proteoglycan.