Table 1

The major phenotypes of bovine intervertebral disc cells in response to altered culture conditions

Serum

Glucose

Monolayer

With

Without

With

Without

Cell proliferation

↑↑↑

↓↓

↔

↑↑↑↑

Cell senescence

↔

↑↑↑

↔

↔

Cell death

↔

↔

↔

↔

Collagen synthesis

↑↑↑ Type I ↓ Type II

↔ Type I ↔ Type II

↔ Type I ↔ Type II

↓↓↓ Type I ↓ Type II

Serum

Glucose

Alginate

With

Without

With

Without

Cell proliferation

↓↓

↓↓↓

↔

↑

Cell senescence

↔

↑↑

↔

↔

Cell death

↔

↓↓

↔

↔

Collagen synthesis

↓ Type I ↑↑ Type II

↔ Type I ↔ Type II

↔ Type I ↔ Type II

↔ Type I ↓↓ Type II

↑, increased; ↓, decreased; ↔, no change (from control conditions).

Johnson et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2008 10:R46   doi:10.1186/ar2405